Frequency Estimation of 2-D Harmonics in Multiplicative and Additive Noise Based on ESPRIT

—This paper studies the frequency estimation of twodimensional (2-D) harmonics in presence of multiplicative and additive noise. We construct a cyclic covariance matrix using a class of cyclic covariance of the 2-D harmonics. Exploiting the shift-invariance structure of the signal subspace, we extend ESPRIT to estimate the frequency pairs of 2-D harmonics in multiplicative and additive noise. The proposed method has high-resolution and can directly estimate the frequency pairs of 2-D harmonics without frequency pairing operation. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.